Prostate cancer | Top 32 novel treatment findings

Enzalutamide induces circadian vulnerability in high-risk localized prostate cancer patients.

The study highlights the identification of ARNTL as a novel therapeutic target, suggesting that targeting circadian regulators may enhance sensitivity to enzalutamide and improve treatment outcomes in prostate cancer.

Study published: 2021-11-02

Androgen deprivation therapy predicts prostate cancer treatment failure

The study identifies two indicators of treatment failure with high predictive accuracy: one based on a mathematical model (87.3% accuracy) and another based on serum androgen and PSA data (88.7% accuracy). These indicators can help clinicians adjust treatment strategies proactively.

Study published: 2022-06-27

Non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists reduce prostate cancer growth in older men.

The study identified a total of 2,480 suspected ADRs associated with NSARAs, with enzalutamide and bicalutamide having the highest number of reports. Statistical significance was found in fatalities associated with flutamide, indicating a need for careful monitoring of these treatments.

Study published: 2024-07-09

Triplet therapy reduces tumor growth in metastatic prostate cancer patients.

All patients achieved a PSA decline of 99%, with imaging response confirmed in 88% of abiraterone patients and 75% of darolutamide patients, indicating high treatment efficacy.

Study published: 2023-10-14

Neoadjuvant intense androgen deprivation therapy identifies residual prostate cancer in patients.

The study found that PSMA staining was 95.5% sensitive for detecting residual tumor, with 31 out of 35 patients showing residual carcinoma. This suggests that PSMA is an effective biomarker for identifying residual disease post-treatment.

Study published: 2021-10-29

Surgical margins affect prostate cancer recurrence

The study found that higher primary Gleason grades (PGG4/5), longer lengths of PSM, multifocal PSM, and higher pathological stages (pT >2) are associated with a significantly increased risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. These findings can help in stratifying patients for adjunct treatments and monitoring.

Study published: 2024-03-26

5hmC identifies ADT resistance in prostate cancer

The study found that 5hmC signatures in cfDNA could predict early resistance to ADT, with significant differences in gene methylation patterns between patients who progressed and those who did not. High levels of 5hmC in androgen response genes were associated with poor progression-free survival.

Study published: 2023-10-16

TGF-β activity predicts prostate cancer recurrence

The study found that baseline MRI lesion volume and TGF-β signaling activation correlated with the risk of BCR. A specific TGF-β gene signature was able to discriminate between patients who experienced BCR and those who did not, retaining prognostic utility in an independent cohort.

Study published: 2023-05-02

Re-irradiation using stereotactic body radiotherapy improves survival in prostate cancer patients.

The pooled 2-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 72%, indicating effective control of the disease post-treatment.

Study published: 2024-03-06

Immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance anti-tumor response in localized prostate cancer.

A subset of localized prostate cancer shows immunogenic features, including PD-L1 expression and a high density of CD8 T cells, indicating potential responsiveness to ICIs. The presence of exhausted progenitor CD8 T cells suggests a possibility for therapeutic expansion.

Study published: 2021-01-29

Abiraterone therapy improves survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients.

The median Time to Radiographic Progression (TTP) was significantly improved to 30.4 months compared to 14.3 months in the standard of care group, with some patients remaining on treatment for over 1800 days.

Study published: 2021-12-02

Enzalutamide and vorinostat improve outcomes in resistant metastatic prostate cancer

The combination treatment demonstrated drug-drug synergy in preclinical models, suggesting improved therapeutic efficacy in overcoming resistance to enzalutamide in mCRPC patients. The identification of specific epigenetic markers may also aid in predicting treatment response.

Study published: 2023-02-24

Robotically-controlled 3D micro-ultrasound improves prostate biopsy accuracy for cancer patients.

The system demonstrated geometric accuracy of 1 mm or less in all directions, with 3D micro-ultrasound images showing qualitative and quantitative agreement with MRI images, enhancing the potential for accurate prostate biopsies.

Study published: 2022-12-26

The novel screening algorithm reduces prostate cancer deaths in older men.

The trial aims to provide high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of the novel screening strategy in reducing prostate cancer mortality, with secondary outcomes assessing the incidence of prostate cancer by aggressiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening.

Study published: 2023-05-10

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy improves survival in prostate cancer patients with high PCEV levels.

Higher baseline PCEV levels predicted shorter time to distant recurrence (3.5 vs 6.6 months) and longer overall survival (32.7 vs 27.6 months) post-SABR, indicating that PCEVs can serve as biomarkers for treatment response and prognosis.

Study published: 2021-10-25

Exercise training reduces prostate cancer cell viability

Increased levels of IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-α, and decreased TNF-α concentrations in plasma. Reduced cell viability and proliferation of PC3 prostate cancer cells after incubation with post-training plasma.

Study published: 2021-09-12

External beam radiotherapy predicts prostate cancer relapse early in patients.

The study demonstrates that patient-specific forecasts of PSA dynamics can accurately predict biochemical relapse significantly earlier than standard clinical practices, with model-based biomarkers achieving an AUC of 0.80 for early identification of relapse.

Study published: 2022-03-09

Interventional treatments improve survival rates for prostate cancer patients in Australia.

Positive outcomes include improved survival rates, with over 95% 5-year survival for prostate cancer patients in Australia, and the identification of geographic areas needing better access to treatment.

Study published: 2023-06-13

Cholesterol-lowering boosts antitumor immunity in prostate cancer patients.

Enhanced antitumor immunity against syngeneic cancers, increased CD8+ T cell memory, and decreased proliferation of normal prostate and low-grade adenocarcinomas were observed.

Study published: 2021-02-01

FSH levels affect body composition in prostate cancer

The study found a significant correlation between increased FSH levels and fat body mass after 12 months of ADT, suggesting that monitoring FSH could help assess the risk of sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular complications in prostate cancer patients undergoing treatment.

Study published: 2023-10-25

Prophylactic use of ciprofloxacin prevents infections in prostate cancer patients

No severe post-biopsy infections were detected, suggesting effective prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.

Study published: 2022-08-16

MRI-targeted biopsy increases aggressive prostate cancer detection in patients.

Patients diagnosed with GG2 cancer via MRI-targeted biopsy received treatment more quickly (median time-to-treatment of 4 months) compared to those with GG1 cancer diagnosed via systematic biopsy (31 months).

Study published: 2024-01-10

Biparametric MRI detects significant prostate cancer in men over 45.

The study found that bpMRI detected all 21 cases of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) among the participants, while traditional methods like PSA and DRE missed 66.7% of these cases. Additionally, the protocol adjustments led to a 54.6% reduction in biopsies for PI-RADS 3 lesions, indicating a more efficient screening process.

Study published: 2023-09-08

RSI MRI enhances prostate tumor targeting

The use of RSI MRI significantly improved the accuracy of tumor delineation, with a percent overlap with expert-defined volumes increasing from 42% to 73%. This enhancement in accuracy is associated with improved disease-free and metastasis-free survival rates in patients receiving radiation boosts.

Study published: 2022-12-14

Lipid profile predicts prostate cancer progression

The nomogram developed in the study effectively predicts the risk of rapid progression to CRPC, with C-indexes of 0.740 and 0.755 in training and validation sets, respectively. It outperforms traditional markers like N stage and Gleason sum in predicting outcomes.

Study published: 2023-07-08

MRI T2 relaxation times predict radiotherapy response

The study found significant changes in T2 relaxation times post-therapy, indicating a measurable response to treatment. These changes can help in monitoring treatment effectiveness and identifying therapy failure.

Study published: 2023-07-01

Hormone replacement therapy reduces prostate cancer risk in transgender females.

HRT may reduce the risk of prostate cancer in some transgender females by lowering androgen levels, but it can also complicate the risk profile due to estrogen's effects on oncogenic pathways.

Study published: 2024-02-08

AI predicts outcomes in prostate cancer

AI-defined DIL volume was significantly associated with biochemical failure, indicating that it can provide valuable prognostic information for patients treated with RT.

Study published: 2023-04-24

Leuprorelin reduces hospital time significantly

Leuprorelin 22.5mg significantly reduces hospital stays and has a lower patient burden compared to degarelix, which is associated with longer administration times and higher discomfort.

Study published: 2023-08-25

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors lower prostate cancer risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

SGLT2I use was associated with a significantly lower incidence of new-onset prostate cancer (60 cases) compared to DPP4I users (102 cases), with a hazard ratio of 0.45, indicating a reduced risk after adjustments.

Study published: 2023-11-27

Salbutamol reduces prostate cancer risk

Salbutamol significantly reduced prostate cancer risk (PRR: 0.131) and improved prognosis, with mean survival increasing from 7.35 years for non-users to 10.5 years for users (p = 0.041).

Study published: 2024-02-24

ImmunoPET imaging of DLL3 in tumors

The imaging demonstrated strong tumor-specific uptake of the agent, with a safe and feasible profile for DLL3 PET imaging in patients with neuroendocrine cancers, indicating potential for non-invasive detection of DLL3-expressing malignancies.

Study published: 2024-01-11